Chapter 17: Anger
Overcome anger through love and virtue; the wise control body, speech, and mind.
13 argumentative units
- 01Abandonment of anger, pride, and attachment
The path to freedom from suffering requires releasing anger, pride, and attachments to name, form, and possessions.
- 02Metaphor of the charioteer controlling anger
True mastery is demonstrated by one who restrains rising anger like a skilled driver controls a rolling chariot.
- 03Three methods to overcome vice
Evil can be overcome through three counteracting virtues: answering anger with love, evil with good, and greed with liberality.
- 04Three practices that lead to godlike status
Following truth, resisting anger, and practicing generosity constitute three steps that bring one near to the gods.
- 05Harmlessness and self-control lead to Nirvana
Those who refrain from injury and maintain bodily control reach the unchangeable place of Nirvana where suffering ends.
- 06Watchfulness and diligent practice extinguish passions
Constant vigilance, day and night study, and striving after Nirvana lead to the cessation of passions.
- 07The universal nature of blame and praise
An old teaching states that everyone faces blame regardless of whether they remain silent, speak much, or speak little.
- 08No one is universally blamed or universally praised
Neither universal blame nor universal praise has ever existed, exists now, or will exist in the future.
- 09The truly wise are praised by the discerning
Those whom the discerning continuously praise as blameless, wise, and virtuous are honored even by gods and Brahman, like gold.
- 10Control of bodily anger
One must be cautious about anger expressed through the body and cultivate bodily virtue to overcome bodily sins.
- 11Control of anger of the tongue
One must guard against angry speech and cultivate virtuous use of the tongue to overcome sins of speech.
- 12Control of anger of the mind
One must be vigilant against mental anger and cultivate virtue in thought to overcome sins of the mind.
- 13The wise achieve complete control
True wisdom consists in controlling body, tongue, and mind simultaneously, achieving complete self-governance.