Book II
Augustine's youth, his lustful desires, sins of theft and deceit, and the beginning of his spiritual confusion.
34 argumentative units
- 01Stated purpose of confession
Augustine announces his intention to recount his past sins not out of love for them, but to draw closer to God through honest remembrance and to experience God's sweetness.
- 02Description of spiritual dissipation
Augustine describes how his pursuit of lustful desires fragmented his soul, causing him to lose himself in multiplicity and distance from God, the One Good.
- 03Confession of youthful lustfulness
Augustine confesses that in his youth he burned with desire to satisfy carnal appetites and pursued various shadowy loves, losing his beauty and becoming displeasing to God.
- 04Confusion of love and lustfulness
Augustine explains how he confused the desire to love and be loved with base carnal lust, allowing muddy concupiscence to cloud his capacity to distinguish true love from lustfulness.
- 05God's patient tolerance of his straying
Augustine reflects on how God's wrath was upon him though he did not perceive it, and how God allowed him to wander further away while remaining ultimately patient.
- 06Lament for lack of prudent guidance
Augustine laments that no one restrained his youthful disorder, and wishes he had heeded the biblical instruction to channel his desires toward marriage rather than pursuing unlimited lust.
- 07Failure to heed scriptural warnings
Augustine acknowledges that he should have listened more carefully to scriptural warnings about chastity and the single life's advantage for serving God.
- 08The madness of lust at age sixteen
Augustine marks his sixteenth year as the time when unchecked lust took dominion over him, while his friends cared only that he become an eloquent speaker rather than chaste.
- 09Parental misdirected priorities
Augustine explains that his father prioritized funding his rhetorical education despite limited means, while showing no concern for his moral development or chastity before God.
- 10Idleness breeding unclean desires
During a period of idleness while staying with his parents at age sixteen, Augustine allowed desires to grow unchecked without anyone to restrain them.
- 11Father's worldly pride in his manhood
Augustine's father witnessed signs of his emerging manhood and rejoiced, seeing in this the prospect of descendants rather than concern for his spiritual development.
- 12Mother's holy fear and warnings
Augustine's mother, in whom God had begun to establish a temple, feared for his soul and warned him against fornication and adultery, though he dismissed her counsel as womanish.
- 13Augustine's rejection of mother's divine warnings
Although Augustine's mother spoke God's words to him, he treated her warnings as shameful feminine advice and failed to recognize them as God's voice.
- 14Competitive shamelessness among peers
Augustine describes how, among his equals, he was ashamed to appear less shameless than others, even claiming sins he had not committed to avoid seeming innocent or contemptible.
- 15Wallowing in the city of sin
Augustine characterizes his life in the city as wallowing in mire, pursued by invisible evil forces, while his mother—though still partly bound to worldly hopes—remained concerned about his chastity.
- 16Parents' indulgent priorities for worldly learning
Augustine's parents, especially his mother who relied on God's aid, granted him excessive freedom, believing worldly education would help rather than hinder his spiritual development.
- 17Theft condemned by divine and natural law
Augustine observes that theft is punished by God's law and by conscience written in human hearts, yet no one will willingly be branded a thief, not even the wealthy.
- 18The senseless theft of pears
Augustine confesses to stealing pears not from hunger or need, but compelled by excess and depravity, taking them only to discard them and to delight in the sin itself.
- 19Love of sin for its own sake
Augustine emphasizes that his delight was not in the pears but in the theft itself, and that he loved to perish and loved his own fault rather than any external object.
- 20The attractiveness of lower goods
Augustine catalogs the various attractions of worldly goods—beautiful bodies, gold, honor, power, friendship—noting that sin arises when these lower things are pursued instead of God.
- 21The explanation of crime through lower goods
Augustine argues that crimes are typically understood through pursuit or preservation of lower goods, as people would not believe anyone could commit evil purely for evil's sake.
- 22The theft possessed no inherent goodness
Augustine questions what he could have loved in the theft itself, concluding that the pears were fair as God's creation but his wretched soul desired only to steal them.
- 23Theft lacks any true loveliness
Augustine systematically examines the theft and concludes it possesses no true beauty—neither in justice and wisdom, nor in any form of genuine goodness.
- 24Vices as corrupted imitations of God
Augustine presents an extended series of vices—pride, ambition, cruelty, wantonness, curiosity, sloth, luxury, prodigality, covetousness, envy, anger, fear, grief—each as a false imitation of God's true attributes.
- 25The soul's fornication through turning from God
Augustine explains that the soul commits fornication when she turns from God to seek fulfillment elsewhere, though all perversions imply God's existence as the Creator.
- 26Theft as corrupted mimicry of divine omnipotence
Augustine speculates that his theft was an attempt to mimic God's power by doing forbidden things with impunity, creating a darkened likeness of divine omnipotence.
- 27Horror of past sins remembered with gratitude
Augustine declares that when remembering his great sins, his soul is not frightened but instead grateful to God for forgiveness and the melting away of his iniquities.
- 28God's grace in preventing greater evils
Augustine acknowledges that his purity comes not from his own strength but from God's grace, which both forgave his actual sins and prevented him from committing even worse ones.
- 29Exhortation to others not to scorn the healed sinner
Augustine appeals to those who have avoided his sins not to despise him but to love God more, recognizing that his recovery from sin's consumption is evidence of God's healing power.
- 30The misery of sinning alone
Augustine reflects that the theft was nothing, making him miserable for loving nothing; he realizes he could not have done it alone and thus loved the company of accomplices.
- 31Pleasure derived from the offense itself
Augustine explains that his pleasure came not from the pears but from the offense, which required accomplices; he had no desire to enjoy the pears themselves.
- 32The nature of group delight in transgression
Augustine identifies his delight as the sport of deceiving others and the shame of shamelessness felt among peers, explaining the social nature of his sin.
- 33Unfriendly friendship as soul's inveigler
Augustine characterizes his corrupt companionship as unfriendly friendship, an incomprehensible inveigler of the soul that drove them to commit mischief for mirth and wantonness.
- 34The knotted complexity of sin beyond comprehension
Augustine declares the twisted knottiness of his sin too foul to contemplate, expressing hatred for it and longing instead for God's righteousness and innocency.